Living in Hungary as an expat: key things to know

Why expats choose Hungary

Expats are drawn to Hungary for three main reasons: 

1. Work opportunities. The country has a growing job market, particularly in fields like IT, engineering, and education, which attract skilled professionals.
2. Affordable cost of living. Hungary offers a higher quality of life at a lower cost compared to many Western European countries.
3. Central location. Hungary’s central position in Europe makes it an ideal base for exploring the continent.

Expats relocate to Hungary for various reasons, including work visas, student visas, and family reunification. Another popular route is the Hungary Golden Visa program, which allows foreigners to obtain residency by investing at least €250,000.

Cost of Living in Hungary

Hungary offers a relatively affordable cost of living compared to many Western European countries. Budapest, the capital, tends to be more expensive than other cities, but it also offers more amenities and job opportunities.

Housing in Hungary varies depending on location. In the city centre, a one-bedroom apartment can cost between €400 and 800 per month, while a three-bedroom apartment for families ranges from €800 to 1,200 per month.

Utilities, including electricity, heating, cooling, water, and garbage collection, typically cost between €100 and 150 per month for a standard apartment. Internet services are generally around €20 to 30 per month.

Groceries also vary, with individual monthly expenses ranging from €250 to 300, depending on dietary preferences. A family’s grocery bill can range between €600 and 800 per month.

Transportation. Public transportation in Hungary is both efficient and affordable. A monthly pass in Budapest costs around €25. For those who prefer driving, fuel costs and car maintenance add about €50 to 70 per month.

Healthcare in Hungary is accessible through public services, but many expats opt for private health insurance for more comprehensive and faster services. Monthly healthcare expenses range from €30 to 100 for individuals and €80 to 200 for families.

Education costs vary significantly. Public schools are free, but international and private schools can cost around €9,000 per year.

Entertainment expenses, including dining out and leisure activities, typically range from €50 to 150 per month for an individual, while families might spend between €150 and 300 per month.

Detailed table of the cost of living in Hungary

Expense сategory	Cost for an individual, monthly	Cost for a family, monthly
Housing rent	€400—800	€800—1,200
Utilities	€100—150	€200—250
Groceries	€250—300	€600—800
Transportation	€25	€50
Healthcare	€30—100	€80—200
Education	N/A	€800
Entertainment	€50—150	€150—300

Housing and accommodation

Finding suitable housing is one of the first steps to settling in Hungary as an expat. The country offers a range of housing options, including apartments, detached houses, and villas.

In cities like Budapest, apartments are the most common type of accommodation, ranging from small studio flats to spacious multi-bedroom units. For those seeking more space and privacy, detached houses and villas are more prevalent in suburban areas and smaller towns.

Popular neighbourhoods for expats. In Budapest, popular neighbourhoods include District V (Inner City), District VI (Terézváros), and District VII (Erzsébetváros). The Buda side districts, such as District II and District XII, are preferred for their greener, quieter surroundings.

Outside of Budapest, Debrecen, Hungary’s second-largest city, offers a mix of modern and traditional living. The downtown area and Nagyerdő (Great Forest) are popular among expats. Szeged, known for its beautiful architecture and sunny weather, has central districts and Újszeged, which are favoured by expats. Pécs, famous for its Mediterranean feel, offers various housing options in the city centre and surrounding areas.

Rental process and costs. Renting an apartment in Hungary typically involves the following steps:

1. Searching for a property. You can use online platforms, real estate agencies, or local classifieds. Websites like Ingatlan.com, Alberlet.hu, and Otthon Centrum are popular choices.
2. Viewing and selecting. Schedule viewings to inspect the properties and choose the one that best suits your needs.
3. Signing the contract. Leases usually last a minimum of one year. You will need to provide identification, proof of income, and sometimes a reference. A security deposit equivalent to one or two months’ rent is commonly required.
4. Moving in. Once the lease is signed and the deposit is paid, you can move into your new home.

Buying property in Hungary. If you plan to stay in Hungary long-term, buying property might be a good investment. The process for non-EU citizens involves obtaining a permit from the local municipality, which usually takes a few weeks. 

Under the new Hungary Golden Visa program, expats can buy an apartment costing at least €500,000, and obtain a residence permit for 20 years. 

Example of a real estate property for sale in Budapest

Banking and financial services

Opening a bank account in Hungary requires a residence permit and other documentation. Some banks may offer online account opening, but this is less common for expats. Hungary has several reputable banks, including: 

• OTP Bank, 
• K&H Bank, 
• Raiffeisen Bank, 
• Erste Bank. 

While many bank staff speak English, it’s useful to learn some basic Hungarian banking terms or have a Hungarian-speaking friend assist you during your visit.

Payment methods. Credit and debit cards are widely accepted in Hungary, especially in cities and larger towns. Debit cards are issued to your bank account and can be used for everyday transactions. Most banks in Hungary issue Maestro, MasterCard, or Visa cards.

Credit cards are less commonly used than debit cards but are available from most banks. They can be useful for building a credit history or for emergencies. 

ATMs are widely available, and you can use your debit or credit card to withdraw cash. Contactless payments are popular, especially in urban areas. Most new cards come with contactless payment capabilities.

International money transfer. You can send money internationally through your Hungarian bank. While reliable, this method can be slow and expensive due to fees and exchange rates.

Services like TransferWise, Revolut, and PayPal offer faster and cheaper alternatives for international money transfers.

Online and mobile banking services are available and highly convenient. Most banks offer apps and online platforms where you can check your account balance, transfer money and pay bills.

Employment and work

Finding employment in Hungary as an expat can be an exciting opportunity to advance your career while experiencing a new culture. Whether you are looking to work in a multinational corporation or a local company or even start your own business, understanding the job market, work visa requirements, and job hunting tips is crucial.

Job market overview. Hungary has several key sectors that offer job opportunities for expats:

1. Information technology (IT): Hungary has a growing tech scene and is home to many IT companies and startups.
2. Engineering: demand for engineers in various fields remains high, particularly in automotive and manufacturing industries.
3. Education: teaching English and other subjects at international schools or language institutes is a common path for expats.
4. Healthcare: medical professionals, especially doctors and nurses, are in demand in both public and private healthcare sectors.
5. Finance: Budapest, being the financial hub, offers banking, insurance, and financial services opportunities.

Non-EU citizens, including Americans, need a work visa and residence permit to work in Hungary. The process involves several steps.

Job hunting. Websites like Profession.hu, Jobline.hu, and LinkedIn are excellent resources for finding job listings in Hungary. You can also join expat groups, attend networking events, and connect with professionals in your field. Platforms like Meetup and Internations can help you find events and communities.

While many multinational companies use English as their working language, learning basic Hungarian can be a significant advantage and improve your job prospects.

Work culture in Hungary. The typical workweek is 40 hours, Monday to Friday. Standard working hours are from 9 AM to 5 PM.

Meetings usually start on time, and it’s customary to shake hands when greeting colleagues. Hungarian communication can be direct but polite. Building personal relationships and trust is important in business settings.

Freelancing and starting a business. Hungary also offers opportunities for freelancers and entrepreneurs. If you plan to work as a freelancer or start your own business, you will need to register as a self-employed individual or establish a company. 

Healthcare system in Hungary

Hungary has a well-established healthcare system, comprising both public and private sectors:

1. Public healthcare is funded by the National Health Insurance Fund (NHIF) and is available to all residents, including expatriates, who are employed and contribute to the social security system.
2. Private Healthcare. Many expats opt for private healthcare due to shorter waiting times, higher quality of service, and English-speaking doctors. Private healthcare providers offer a wide range of services, often with more modern facilities.

Health insurance is essential to ensure you have access to the care you need without incurring high out-of-pocket expenses. If you are employed in Hungary, you will automatically contribute to the National Health Insurance Fund through your salary. This contribution entitles you to use public healthcare services.

While many doctors in private healthcare speak English, this is less common in the public system. Learning basic Hungarian medical terms can be helpful.

Education and childcare

Hungary’s education system is structured into several levels:

1. Kindergarten (Óvoda) is for children aged 3—6 years. Attendance is mandatory from age 3.
2. Primary school (Általános Iskola) is for children aged 6—14 years. It is divided into two stages: lower primary, grades 1—4, and upper primary, grades 5—8.
3. Secondary school includes general secondary schools (Gimnázium), vocational schools (Szakiskola), and technical schools (Szakközépiskola) for students aged 14—18 years.
4. Higher education includes universities and colleges offering undergraduate and postgraduate degrees.

Public schools and kindergartens in Hungary are free for residents, including expats. The language of instruction is Hungarian, which can be a barrier for non-Hungarian-speaking children. However, some public schools offer bilingual programs or Hungarian as a Second Language (HSL) classes to help foreign students integrate.

International schools. Some expat families prefer international schools and kindergartens for their children due to the familiar curriculum and language of instruction. The popular international schools in Hungary include:

• The British International School Budapest, which offers the English National Curriculum and International Baccalaureate (IB) program;
• The American International School of Budapest, which follows an American curriculum with IB options;
• International School of Budapest, which provides a bilingual Hungarian-English curriculum with IB options;
• Greater Grace International School, which offers an American-style education with a Christian ethos.

Tuition fees for international schools vary widely but generally range between €50,000 and €100,000 per year. Admission processes typically require an application form, previous school records, and an entrance assessment. Due to high demand, early application—at least one month in advance—is recommended.

Cultural aspects and integration

Cultural heritage. Hungary houses many castles, churches, and UNESCO World Heritage sites. The country’s history is celebrated in various festivals and holidays.

Hungarian cuisine is hearty and flavorful, with dishes like goulash, pörkölt (stew), and lángos (fried dough). Exploring local food markets and restaurants is a delightful way to experience the culture.

Hungary hosts numerous festivals throughout the year, including the Budapest Spring Festival, Sziget Festival, and the Busójárás in Mohács. These events offer a glimpse into the country’s traditions and are great opportunities for cultural immersion.

Language and communication. While many Hungarians speak English, especially in urban areas and among younger generations, learning Hungarian will significantly enhance your integration and daily interactions. Here are some tips for learning the language:

1. Language courses. Enrol in Hungarian language courses offered by language schools, universities, or community centres. Some popular options include the Balassi Institute and local universities.
2. Language exchange. Participate in language exchange programs or meet-ups where you can practise Hungarian with native speakers while helping them with English.
3. Online resources. Use online platforms like Duolingo, Babbel, or Memrise to learn Hungarian at your own pace. YouTube also has many channels dedicated to teaching Hungarian.
4. Practice. Try to speak Hungarian in your daily interactions, even if it’s just basic phrases. Locals appreciate the effort, and it helps you learn faster.

Social norms and etiquette. Hungarians typically greet each other with a handshake. In more informal settings, friends may greet each other with a kiss on both cheeks.

When dining out or at someone’s home, it’s customary to wait for the host to say “Jó étvágyat!” (Enjoy your meal) before starting to eat. It is also appreciated to bring a small gift, such as flowers or wine, when invited to someone’s home.

Punctuality is valued in Hungary. Arriving on time for appointments and social gatherings is expected.

Weather and climate

Hungary’s climate is characterised by hot summers, cold winters, and mild transitional seasons. The country’s inland location and varied topography contribute to these weather patterns, with some regional variations.

Summers in Hungary are generally hot with average temperatures ranging +25°C…+30°C. Heatwaves can push temperatures above +35°C. This season is marked by long, sunny days and occasional thunderstorms.

Autumns bring cooler temperatures, ranging from +10°C…+20°C. The season starts mildly and gradually becomes colder. It is a picturesque time of year with vibrant fall foliage.

Winters in Hungary are cold, with temperatures often dropping below freezing. Average temperatures range from -2°C…+5°C. Snowfall is common, particularly in the northern and mountainous regions.

Springs are a transitional season with temperatures rising from +10°C…+20°C. The weather can be unpredictable, with frequent rain showers and fluctuating temperatures.

Popular cities and regions for expats

Budapest, the capital city, is the most popular destination for expats in Hungary. You can explore landmarks like the Parliament Building and Buda Castle, enjoy the city’s thermal baths, and experience events at places like the Hungarian State Opera House. 

The nightlife includes popular spots like ruin bars in the Jewish Quarter, and the city’s cultural scene features museums such as the Museum of Fine Arts and the Hungarian National Museum.

Debrecen is Hungary’s second-largest city, known for its educational institutions and cultural heritage. It offers a quieter lifestyle compared to Budapest but still provides modern amenities and a welcoming expat community.

Szeged, known as the “City of Sunshine”, is famous for its beautiful architecture, lively cultural scene, and pleasant climate. It is home to a significant number of students and expats.

Pécs is a city rich in history and culture, located in the southern part of Hungary. It is known for its Mediterranean atmosphere, university, and vibrant arts scene.

The Lake Balaton region is a popular destination for both tourists and expats. Known as the “Hungarian Sea”, it offers beautiful landscapes, recreational activities, and a relaxed lifestyle.

Siófok is a lively resort town on the southern shore, popular for its beaches. The town is also famous for its nightlife, with clubs such as Palace Dance Club and Plázs attracting party-goers.

Balatonfüred is a picturesque town on the northern shore, known for its spas and sailing opportunities.

Top 3 pathways to move to Hungary

Moving to Hungary offers several pathways, each catering to different needs and circumstances. Whether you’re seeking employment, education, or family reunification, understanding these options will help you choose the best route for your relocation.

1. Work visa. A work visa is one of the most common pathways for non-EU nationals to move to Hungary. Securing employment in Hungary allows you to apply for a work visa and residence permit. 

Steps to obtain a Work visa:

1. Job offer.
2. Work permit application.
3. Visa application.
4. Arrival and registration.

The Hungarian Work visa offers employment opportunities, such as access to Hungary’s job market, particularly in growing industries like IT, engineering, and finance, and the ability to live and work in Hungary legally.

2. Study visa. For those seeking educational opportunities, a study visa is an excellent pathway. Hungary is home to several prestigious universities and offers a welcoming environment for international students.

Steps to obtain a Study visa:

1. Acceptance letter.
2. Visa application.
3. Arrival and registration.

The benefits of a Student visa include the opportunity to experience Hungarian culture, integrate into the student community, and legally reside in Hungary for the duration of your studies.

3. Hungary Golden Visa. The Hungarian Investment Residency program, also known as the Golden Visa, is designed for individuals willing to make a significant financial investment in the country. This pathway provides a faster route to obtaining residency.

Investment options include:

1. Purchase of real estate fund units — €250,000+. Real estate funds that issue investment certificates must be registered with the Hungarian National Bank.
2. Buying property — €500,000+. Applicants must obtain permission at the Land Registry with the help of a lawyer. The option becomes available on January 1st, 2025.
3. Charitable donation to an institute of higher learning — €1,000,000+. Donations go to public interest trust foundations that perform public tasks and maintain educational organisations.

The investor may also include a spouse and children under 18 in their application. Parents can be added later, after the main applicant obtains residency.

Legal and administrative requirements for American and EU citizens who want to relocate to Hungary

Requirements for American citizens. For long-term living in Hungary as an American requires a visa and residence permit. Americans must submit their visa applications at the nearest Hungarian consulate or embassy in the US.

Required documents typically include their passports, a completed application form, passport-sized photos, proof of accommodation, proof of financial means, and health insurance.

Popular ways to move to Hungary for Americans:

1. Work permit. If you are relocating for employment, your employer in Hungary must apply for a work permit on your behalf. This process involves proving that no Hungarian or EU citizen can fill the position.
2. Study permit. Students must provide proof of enrollment in a recognised Hungarian educational institution and financial means to support themselves.
3. Family reunification. If joining a family member already residing in Hungary, you must provide proof of relationship and that they have sufficient means to support you.

The processing time for visas and permits can vary, usually taking between 30 to 60 days. After completing the registration process, Americans will receive a residence card, which serves as proof of legal status in Hungary.

Requirements for EU citizens. Due to freedom of movement within the European Union, EU nationals benefit from more straightforward procedures when moving to Hungary. They must apply for a registration certificate if staying longer than 90 days. The overall process for EU citizens is quicker compared to non-EU nationals, taking less time and involving fewer bureaucratic steps.

Places to visit in Hungary

Budapest, the capital city, is often referred to as the “Pearl of the Danube.” It’s a city that seamlessly blends its historic charm with modern vibrancy.

Lake Balaton, known as the “Hungarian Sea,” Lake Balaton is the largest lake in Central Europe and a popular holiday destination.

Eger is a historic town in northern Hungary, known for its baroque architecture, wine production, and thermal baths.

Hortobágy National Park is the largest continuous natural grassland in Europe and a UNESCO World Heritage site. It offers a unique glimpse into traditional Hungarian rural life and wildlife.

The Danube Bend, located north of Budapest, is one of the most scenic stretches of the Danube River, offering charming towns and stunning natural landscapes.

Pécs. Located in the southern part of Hungary, Pécs is known for its Mediterranean atmosphere, rich history, and vibrant arts scene.

Summary 

1. Hungary has become an increasingly popular destination for expats, as evidenced by the recent government statistics showing a significant rise in the number of immigrants over the past five years.
2. Hungary offers a relatively low cost of living compared to many Western European countries. Housing, utilities, groceries, and transportation costs are all manageable, especially in comparison to other major European cities.
3. From bustling urban centres like Budapest to quieter cities like Debrecen and Szeged, Hungary provides a range of housing options to suit different lifestyles. The rental process is straightforward, and there are opportunities to buy property, including through the Hungary Golden Visa program.
4. The country offers support for expats through international schools, English-speaking healthcare providers, and vibrant expat communities. 
5. Hungary offers the opportunity to obtain residency through the Golden Visa program, with a minimum investment of €250,000.